2025 US Tariff Calculator
US Tariff Calculator
*Please note that the tariff values presented in this calculator are based on the most up-to-date and accurate tariff policy information available as of noon Central Daylight Time (CDT) on April 17th, 2025. At that time, the standard tariff rate of 10% was in effect for all countries except for the European Union (20%), Canada (25%), China (245% as per the latest statement from the Trump administration), and Mexico (25%).
Tariff policies are unpredictable and subject to change. The values provided by this calculator should be considered estimates for informational purposes only and may not reflect the actual tariffs in effect at the time of import. It is recommended to consult official government sources and customs authorities for the most current and accurate tariff rates.
Data Retrieved From: https://www.whitehouse.gov/
Chart of US Tariffs
Table of US Tariffs
| Country | Reciprocal Tariff (Adjusted) |
|---|---|
| Canada | 25% |
| China | 245% |
| European Union | 20% |
| Mexico | 25% |
| Global Baseline | 10% |
| Algeria | 30% |
| Angola | 32% |
| Bangladesh | 37% |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 35% |
| Botswana | 37% |
| Brunei | 24% |
| Cambodia | 49% |
| Cameroon | 11% |
| Chad | 13% |
| Côte d’Ivoire | 21% |
| Democratic Republic of the Congo | 11% |
| Equatorial Guinea | 13% |
| Falkland Islands | 41% |
| Fiji | 32% |
| Guyana | 38% |
| India | 26% |
| Indonesia | 32% |
| Iraq | 39% |
| Israel | 17% |
| Japan | 24% |
| Jordan | 20% |
| Kazakhstan | 27% |
| Laos | 48% |
| Lesotho | 50% |
| Libya | 31% |
| Liechtenstein | 37% |
| Madagascar | 47% |
| Malawi | 17% |
| Malaysia | 24% |
| Mauritius | 40% |
| Moldova | 31% |
| Mozambique | 16% |
| Myanmar (Burma) | 44% |
| Namibia | 21% |
| Nauru | 30% |
| Nicaragua | 18% |
| Nigeria | 14% |
| North Macedonia | 33% |
| Norway | 15% |
| Pakistan | 29% |
| Philippines | 17% |
| Serbia | 37% |
| South Africa | 30% |
| South Korea | 25% |
| Sri Lanka | 44% |
| Switzerland | 31% |
| Syria | 41% |
| Taiwan | 32% |
| Thailand | 36% |
| Tunisia | 28% |
| Vanuatu | 22% |
| Venezuela | 15% |
| Vietnam | 46% |
| Zambia | 17% |
| Zimbabwe | 18% |
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The Foundations of US Tariffs: Key Determinants
US import tariffs are taxes imposed by the United States government on goods brought into the country from foreign nations. These tariffs serve a dual purpose: generating revenue for the government and protecting domestic industries from foreign competition. The landscape of US tariffs has become increasingly complex in recent years due to shifts in trade policies. Understanding these complexities and accurately calculating tariffs is paramount for businesses engaged in international trade to ensure proper cost estimation, regulatory compliance, and strategic decision-making.
Country of Origin: Implications and Rules
The country in which goods are manufactured or produced is a critical factor in determining the applicable US import tariff. This is not necessarily the country from which the goods are shipped. When a product’s creation involves multiple countries, the “substantial transformation” doctrine is employed to ascertain the country of origin. This principle dictates that the origin is the last country where the goods underwent a significant change in form, appearance, nature, or character. Recent trade policies have significantly impacted tariffs on goods originating from specific countries. Notably, goods from China have been subject to increased scrutiny and tariffs. For instance, as of February 2025, the US imposed a 10% tariff on goods with a China Country of Origin. This rate has since been raised to 245%. Furthermore, the de minimis rule, which previously allowed shipments valued under $800 from China to enter the US with minimal processing, is facing stricter enforcement, signaling a crucial change for importers. Understanding the rules of origin is also important in the context of preferential trade agreements, which can offer reduced or eliminated tariffs for goods originating from partner countries.
Product Type and Classification: The Harmonized Tariff Schedule (HTS)
The Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTS) is a comprehensive system used to classify all merchandise imported into the US. This system employs a hierarchical structure, with goods categorized into chapters, headings, and subheadings, each identified by a specific code. The 10-digit HTS code assigned to a product is the primary determinant of its duty rate. The US International Trade Commission (USITC) publishes and maintains the HTS, while Customs and Border Protection (CBP) is responsible for its interpretation and enforcement. Finding the correct HTS code for a product can sometimes be challenging, as common terms may not align with the specific language used in the schedule. Resources such as the USITC website, the CBP’s CROSS database, and consultation with customs brokers can assist in accurately classifying goods.
The Role of Trade Agreements and Preferences
Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) play a significant role in shaping US import tariffs by offering reduced or even eliminated duty rates on goods originating from partner countries. The United States had established FTAs with over 20 countries, making these agreements a crucial consideration for businesses engaged in international trade. Notable agreements included the US-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA), which affects tariffs between the US, Canada, and Mexico. Goods that met the rules of origin under these agreements often qualified for duty-free entry. The Most Favored Nation (MFN) principle, a cornerstone of the World Trade Organization (WTO), generally requires that any trade concession granted to one member must be extended to all other WTO members. However, preferential tariff rates offered through FTAs represent exceptions to this rule. It is important to note that international trade policies and agreements are dynamic and subject to change, which can directly impact applicable tariff rates.
Types of US Duties
US import duties can be categorized into several types, each with its own method of calculation. Understanding these different types is essential for accurately predicting import costs.
Ad Valorem Duties
Ad valorem duty is a type of import tax calculated as a percentage of the imported goods’ declared value. For example, an ad valorem duty of 5% on goods valued at $10,000 would result in a duty of $500. This is a commonly used method for levying tariffs, as it adjusts automatically to the price level of the imported goods.
Specific Duties
A specific duty is a tariff levied as a fixed amount per unit of the imported good, such as a certain number of cents per kilogram or dollars per item. For instance, a specific duty might be $0.50 per kilogram of a particular agricultural product. Unlike ad valorem duties, specific duties do not fluctuate with the value of the goods but are based on their quantity or weight.
Compound Duties
Compound duties represent a combination of both ad valorem and specific duties, levied on the same imported product. An example of a compound duty would be 5% of the product’s value plus $1 per unit. This type of duty allows governments to achieve various trade policy objectives simultaneously, providing both a predictable revenue stream from the specific duty and proportional taxation based on the ad valorem component.
Types of US Tariffs and Duties
| Tariff Type | Definition | Calculation Method |
|---|---|---|
| Ad Valorem Duty | A percentage of the imported goods' value | (Value of Goods) x (Duty Rate Percentage) |
| Specific Duty | A fixed amount per unit of the imported good | (Fixed Amount) x (Quantity of Goods) |
| Compound Duty | A combination of ad valorem and specific duties | (Value of Goods) x (Ad Valorem Rate) + (Fixed Amount) x (Quantity of Goods) |
Regulating Imports with a Reciprocal Tariff to Rectify Trade Practices
On April 2, 2025, President Donald J. Trump issued an Executive Order declaring a national emergency to address the large and persistent annual United States goods trade deficits. The order outlines a policy of imposing reciprocal tariffs on imports to rectify trade practices identified as contributing to these deficits.
Declaration of National Emergency
The Executive Order states that underlying conditions, including a lack of reciprocity in bilateral trade relationships, disparate tariff rates and non-tariff barriers, and certain economic policies of U.S. trading partners, constitute an unusual and extraordinary threat to the national security and economy of the United States. This threat is attributed to the domestic economic policies of key trading partners and structural imbalances in the global trading system. The President declared a national emergency to address this threat.
This declaration follows previous Presidential Memoranda issued on January 20, 2025, directing an investigation into the causes and implications of the trade deficits and unfair trade practices, and on February 13, 2025, focusing on non-reciprocal trade practices and their relationship to the trade deficit. The action taken in this Executive Order is based on the final results of these investigations received on April 1, 2025.
The order identifies several negative consequences of large and persistent annual U.S. goods trade deficits, including the hollowing out of the manufacturing base, inhibited scaling of advanced domestic manufacturing capacity, undermined critical supply chains, and a defense-industrial base dependent on foreign adversaries. The President asserts that these deficits are substantially caused by a lack of reciprocity in trade relationships, evidenced by disparate tariff rates, non-tariff barriers hindering U.S. exports, and economic policies of trading partners that suppress domestic wages and consumption, thereby limiting demand for U.S. goods while increasing the competitiveness of their own products.
Reciprocal Tariff Policy
The Executive Order establishes a policy of rebalancing global trade flows through the imposition of an additional ad valorem duty on all imports from all trading partners, with certain exceptions. This additional duty will initially be set at 10 percent and is scheduled to increase shortly thereafter for trading partners listed in Annex I of the order, at the rates specified therein. These additional duties will remain in effect until the President determines that the underlying conditions contributing to the national emergency are satisfied, resolved, or mitigated.
Implementation of Tariffs
(a) General Application: Unless otherwise specified in the order, all articles imported into the U.S. customs territory will be subject to an additional ad valorem duty of 10 percent for goods entered for consumption or withdrawn from warehouse for consumption on or after 12:01 a.m. eastern daylight time on April 5, 2025. An exception is made for goods already loaded onto a vessel and in transit before this time.
Furthermore, effective 12:01 a.m. eastern daylight time on April 9, 2025, articles imported from trading partners listed in Annex I will be subject to the country-specific ad valorem duty rates specified in that annex. This applies to goods entered for consumption or withdrawn from warehouse on or after this time, with a similar in-transit exception as mentioned above. These country-specific duties will apply to all articles imported under existing U.S. trade agreements, except as otherwise provided.
(b) Exemptions: Certain goods are exempt from the additional duties outlined in this order, as detailed in Annex II. These exemptions include: * Articles encompassed by 50 U.S.C. 1702(b). * Steel and aluminum articles and their derivatives already subject to duties under Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962, as amended. * Automobiles and automotive parts subject to additional duties under Section 232, as amended. * Other products listed in Annex II, such as copper, pharmaceuticals, semiconductors, lumber articles, certain critical minerals, and energy and energy products. * All articles from a trading partner subject to the rates set forth in Column 2 of the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTSUS). * All articles that may become subject to duties under future actions related to Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962.
(c) Additional Nature of Duties: The duties established by this order are in addition to any other existing duties, fees, taxes, or charges applicable to imported articles, except as specified in subsections (d) and (e).
(d) Treatment of Goods from Canada and Mexico: The order addresses existing duties imposed on certain goods from Canada and Mexico related to separate national emergencies concerning illicit drug flows across the borders. Goods originating from Canada or Mexico under the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) will continue to be eligible for preferential terms. However, goods from these countries not qualifying under USMCA are currently subject to additional ad valorem duties of 25 percent (with a lower 10 percent rate for certain energy products and potash from Canada).
(e) Interaction with Existing Canada and Mexico Duties: The new ad valorem duties under this order will not apply in addition to the existing border emergency tariffs on goods from Canada and Mexico. If the existing border emergency orders are terminated or suspended, goods qualifying under USMCA will not be subject to additional duties, while non-qualifying goods will be subject to a 12 percent ad valorem duty. These new duties will not apply to energy resources, potash, or USMCA-eligible parts or components of articles substantially finished in the United States.
(f) Application to Non-U.S. Content: Generally, the ad valorem duties will only apply to the non-U.S. content of an imported article, provided that at least 20 percent of the article’s value originates in the United States. U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) is authorized to require necessary information and documentation to verify the U.S. content and whether an article is substantially finished in the United States.
(g) Foreign Trade Zones: Subject articles, not eligible for “domestic status,” entering a foreign trade zone on or after 12:01 a.m. eastern daylight time on April 9, 2025, and subject to the new duties, must be admitted under “privileged foreign status.”
(h) De Minimis Treatment: Duty-free de minimis treatment under 19 U.S.C. 1321(a)(2)(A)-(B) will remain available. However, duty-free de minimis treatment under 19 U.S.C. 1321(a)(2)(C) will be available until the Secretary of Commerce notifies the President that adequate systems are in place for full and expeditious processing and collection of duties for articles otherwise eligible for such treatment. After such notification, this specific de minimis treatment will no longer apply.
(i) Low-Value Imports from China: The Executive Order does not affect the existing order concerning low-value imports from China related to the synthetic opioid supply chain.
(j) Transshipment and Evasion: To prevent transshipment and evasion, all ad valorem duties imposed on articles from China will also apply equally to articles from the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and the Macau Special Administrative Region.
(k) Modification of HTSUS: The Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTSUS) will be modified as set forth in the Annexes to the order to establish the described duty rates. These modifications will take effect on the dates specified in the Annexes.
(l) Inconsistent Prior Directives: Unless specifically noted, any prior Presidential Proclamation, Executive Order, or other Presidential directive or guidance related to trade that is inconsistent with this order is terminated, suspended, or modified to the extent necessary to give full effect to this order.
Modification Authority
The Executive Order grants authority for potential modifications to the tariff policy based on its effectiveness and actions of trading partners:
(a) The Secretary of Commerce and the United States Trade Representative, in consultation with other relevant officials, will recommend further action if this order is not effective in resolving the identified emergency conditions, including increases in the overall trade deficit or the expansion of non-reciprocal trade arrangements.
(b) The President reserves the right to further modify the HTSUS to increase or expand the scope of duties under this order should any trading partner retaliate against the United States.
(c) If a trading partner takes significant steps to remedy non-reciprocal trade arrangements and aligns sufficiently with the United States on economic and national security matters, the President may modify the HTSUS to decrease or limit the scope of duties.
(d) The President may further modify the HTSUS to increase duties under this order should U.S. manufacturing capacity and output continue to worsen.
Implementation Authority
The Secretary of Commerce and the United States Trade Representative, in consultation with other specified officials and the Chair of the International Trade Commission, are authorized to employ all powers granted to the President by the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) as necessary to implement this order. All executive departments and agencies are directed to take appropriate measures within their authority to implement the order.
Reporting Requirements
The United States Trade Representative, in consultation with other specified officials, is authorized to submit recurring and final reports to the Congress on the national emergency declared in this order, consistent with the National Emergencies Act (NEA) and IEEPA.
General Provisions
(a) The order does not impair or otherwise affect the authority granted by law to any executive department, agency, or head thereof, or the functions of the Director of the Office of Management and Budget related to budgetary, administrative, or legislative proposals.
(b) The order will be implemented consistent with applicable law and subject to the availability of appropriations.
(c) The order is not intended 1 to, and does not, create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity by any party against the United States, its departments, agencies, 2 officers, employees, or agents, or any other person.
FAQ on US Tariffs and International Trade
What are US import tariffs and why do they exist?
US import tariffs are taxes levied on goods entering the United States from foreign countries. They primarily serve to generate revenue for the government and to protect domestic industries by making imported goods more expensive.
Who is responsible for paying US import tariffs?
Generally, the importer, which is the company or entity bringing the goods into the country, is responsible for paying the import tariffs to US Customs and Border Protection. These costs are often factored into the final price of the goods for consumers.
How are US import tariffs calculated?
US import tariffs are calculated based on several factors, including the country of origin, the type of product as classified under the Harmonized Tariff Schedule (HTS), and the value of the goods. The specific duty rate is determined by the HTS code.
What is the Harmonized Tariff Schedule (HTS)?
The Harmonized Tariff Schedule (HTS) is a comprehensive classification system used by the United States to categorize all goods imported into the country. It is a hierarchical system where products are assigned a 10-digit code that dictates the applicable duty rate.
How does the country of origin affect tariffs?
The country where goods are manufactured or produced significantly impacts the tariff rate. Trade agreements may offer preferential rates for goods from certain countries, while goods from other countries might be subject to standard or even higher tariffs.
What are ad valorem, specific, and compound duties?
- Ad valorem duty is calculated as a percentage of the imported goods’ value.
- Specific duty is a fixed amount levied per unit (e.g., kilogram, item) of the imported goods.
- Compound duty is a combination of both ad valorem and specific duties on the same product.
How do trade agreements impact US tariffs?
Trade agreements, such as Free Trade Agreements (FTAs), can significantly reduce or eliminate tariffs on goods imported from member countries. These agreements aim to foster trade by lowering barriers.
What are the Merchandise Processing Fee (MPF) and Harbor Maintenance Fee (HMF)?
The Merchandise Processing Fee (MPF) is a fee charged by CBP on most imported goods. The Harbor Maintenance Fee (HMF) is applied to goods arriving via ocean freight and is used to maintain US ports and harbors.
What is the de minimis value for US imports?
The de minimis value is the threshold below which imported goods are typically exempt from duties and taxes. In the US, this value is generally $800. However, this can vary and may not apply to all goods or countries.
Where can I find the HTS code for my product?
You can find the HTS code for your product using the search function on the US International Trade Commission (USITC) website. You can search by product name or keywords. You can also consult with a customs broker for assistance.
Are there any recent changes to US tariffs?
Yes, US tariff policies have seen recent changes, including the implementation of new tariffs and adjustments to existing ones. It’s crucial to stay updated on the latest announcements from government agencies and trade publications.
What is a customs broker and when should I use one?
A customs broker is a licensed professional who assists importers and exporters with customs procedures and documentation. You should consider using one if you are new to importing, dealing with complex shipments, or want to ensure compliance and avoid potential delays or penalties.
Disclaimer: The content provided on this webpage is for informational purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for professional advice. While we strive to ensure the accuracy and timeliness of the information presented here, the details may change over time or vary in different jurisdictions. Therefore, we do not guarantee the completeness, reliability, or absolute accuracy of this information. The information on this page should not be used as a basis for making legal, financial, or any other key decisions. We strongly advise consulting with a qualified professional or expert in the relevant field for specific advice, guidance, or services. By using this webpage, you acknowledge that the information is offered “as is” and that we are not liable for any errors, omissions, or inaccuracies in the content, nor for any actions taken based on the information provided. We shall not be held liable for any direct, indirect, incidental, consequential, or punitive damages arising out of your access to, use of, or reliance on any content on this page.
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